Loom for weaving- various kinds op fabrics



Q- 2 Sheets- ShQeet 1. '0. W. SGHONHERR,

LO0M FOR- WEAVING VARIOUS KINDS OF FABRICS. .No 187. v PatentedMay 8,- 1837.

- 2 Sheets--Sheet 2. O. W. S-GHONHERP. I LOOM FOR WEAVING- VARIOUS KINDS OP FABRIGS. N0. 187.

Patented May 8, 1837.

an onro,

CHRISTIAN W. SCHONHERR, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

LOOM FOR WEAVING VARIOUS KINDS FABRICS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 187, dated May 8, 1837; Antedated March 21, 1837.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHRISTIAN VVILHELM SoHoNHERR', a subject of the King of Saxony, but now on a visit to England, and residing for the present in London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improve- First, in causing the movement of the heddles requisite to form the shed to be performed by the action of cams and levers placed vertically and at the end of the loom acting upon horizontal bands and pulleys and the counter action of which levers is effected by means of springs, bands and pulleys in manner hereinafter described.

Secondly, In a new picker and new mode of arranging the picking straps and acting upon them by means of what I call a loop or bridle and a check string fixed to a swinging lever as also in a new mode of holding the shuttle fast atthe end of the stroke or ick. p Thirdly, In forcing'home the weft by means of a cam acting upon and producing a gradual pressure and dwelling action of the lay or slay instead of the blow usually given.

Fourthly, In a new mode of regulating the giving off of the warp and the taking up of the cloth whereby a more simple mode of compensation for the increasing circumference of the one and the diminishing circumference of the other is obtained than heretofore. I

I Fifthly, In an improved driving pulley which may be disengaged instantly from the working shaft Without touching the driving strap, and

' Lastly, in a new form of shuttle whereby I am enabled to use a shed of diminished size andactio-n and I do hereby further describe the manner in which the said invention is to be performed by the following statement thereof, reference being had to the drawings annexed hereto and to the figures and letters marked thereon, that is to say,The scales to which the annexed drawings are made are marked thereon and similar letters and colors are used to denote similar parts in all cases where the same machine is under description Whatever view i .of it the figure may represent while the, l

of rotation or motion is denoted where nee-f essary by arrows, and distinctive colors are used to distinguish the various parts of each prlncipal movement.

Figure 6 is a front elevation of a loom for weaving all such goods as are now usually woven by hand or power looms. The parts marked A, denote the ordinary framing of theloom. B, is the ordinary warp beam; C,

the ordinary cloth beam. D, D, are the ordinary swords or arms for supporting the lay and moving on the ordinaryfulcrums E, E, fixed on the floor for that purpose. F, G, are a set of ordinary heddles such as are required for plain-weavingit having been thought best to describe thesaid improvements as applied to a loom of the simplest form in order to be more'easily understood from description. Having thus pointed out the principal parts .of the loom which have no features of novelty in them I will next proceed to describe the said improvements; and first of that which relates to the action of the heddles H. I are two spiral springs each fixed ata point in the center. To the end of these springs are attached cords or strapspassing overeccentric pulleys and fastened to the top I shafts of the heddles the spring I, thus supporting one while the spring H, supports the other. J, J, represent the bottom shaft of one ofthe heddles pulled down by means i r of the straps K, K, which pass underthe i pulleys L, L, and are spliced together soas to form one strap at M, whence it proceeds to the lever N, while similar strapsproceed from the other heddle to thelever O, for

there are similar straps of course attached to the lower shaft of both heddles. The lever N, is here shown out or in action pulling the heddle Gr, down in consequence of which the spiral spring H, is open oron-the stretch as here shown while'the other lever 0, being in the other spiral spring I, is closed and has by its reaction drawn up the other heddle F, the levers N, O, are acted which relates to the picking motion T, and.

U, are two straps one leading from each picker and attached one to each of the vertical straps V, V, which I call the loop or bridle this bridle is fixed to the lay at the upper end and to a check string W, at the lower end this check string passes under the pulley X fastened to the floor and thence horizontally to the end of the swinging lever Y. This lever is acted upon by the cam Z, placed on the main driving shaft S, which cam works agalnst a frlct-ion roller as,

here shown and it will be seen by this ar- .ra-ngement that at every vibration of thelever Y the check string W draws the two' side lines of the bridle V into a right line and thus pulls the picking straps T, U,

e picking straps, bridle, pulley X, and cam Z, 3 check string and swinging lever are all 001- sufficient force to drive the shuttle.

'ored pink topoint out their relative positions more distinctly and the swinging lever is furnished with convolute spring at its upper end to assist its reaction as shown at Fig. 15, and colored yellow. '5, dis a long wooden barreachingall across the loom which I call the shuttle catcher bar this bar is fixed to the lay by hinges as shown at J, in Fig. 13, in full size K, is a spring to keep the bar up to its position against the lay L, is a round button of leather fixed on to the top of the bar shown also in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 and 13 and in fact to understand this part of the machinery well it will be better to have reference to all these figures while describing it for similar red letters are used to denote similar parts in them all. M, is a rod which I call the nipping rod descending from the shuttle catcher bar which has one of these rods at each end the lower extremity of this rod when the lay is drawn quite back is pressed strongly outward by coming in contact with the stud or knob N, which stud is fixed at a given point on the frame and thus causes the button L to nip the shut tle as it arrives at either end of the race board at the moment that the swell or middle of the shuttle has arrived at the button while the moving away of the lay to bring it up to the weft relieves the shuttle from the 2d nip or pressure ready to be picked. O, is a horizontal rod which I call the stop rod. This rod is fixed to and projects from the front of the shuttle catcher bar L, and as the swell on the center of the shuttle gets to the button L, it presses the top of the shuttle catcher bar out from the lay and thus causes the stop rod 0, to dip as shown by the dotted lines inFig. 18. This dipping is just sufficient to prevent the stop rod 0, from touching the end of the spring rod N, but if by any accident the shuttle should not 0 home then the stop rod 0 does not dip and t ierefore strikes against the spring rod N and pushes it forward to throw the driving pulley out of gear as will be more particularly explained hereafter. The relative positions of the stop rod 0, the spring rod N, and the driving pulley are best shown at Fig. 8.

And now thirdly, of the improvements which relate to the action of the lay a, a, are the two ends of the lay. The race board of this lay is made at an angle sloping toward the back of the loom and thus forming an acute angle with the back boards I), b, which in ordinary looms would be called the back of the shuttle box but this slope of the race board renders the boards 6, 6, sufficient for the purpose of holding the shuttle in its place without anything more of a box provided the action of the button L, is properly arranged (Z, (Z, are bands fastened at one end to the lay firmly and passing over the pulleys e, e, in the breast beam proceed thence to the lever G at the upper part of which they are firmly attached. This lever G vibrates on the fulcrum h, and is furnished with the friction roller i against which the cam or tappet J actsthis cam is fixed on the main driving shaft Sand is so formed at the part 70 as to cause a short pause of the lay at that point where the greatest pressure is given to the weft the other parts of the cam being so shaped as to bring the lay gradually up to that pause and allow the spiral springs Z,Z fixed to the swords D D to bring the lay smartly back ready for the next forward movement while a long pause takes place to give full time for the shuttle to pass the whole of the parts connected with the lay movement are colored green for better distinction. A, is the driving pulley its pitch line only being shown so as not to interfere with the representation of the machinery behind it.

And now fourthly of the improvement which relates to the giving off of the warp and the taking up of the cloth for the description of which it will be better to refer to Fig. 7 which is a side elevation of Fig. 6. A is the driving pulley. B, is the warp beam and C, the cloth beam. m is a carrying roller the axis of which turns in fixed bearings, while the axis of the warp beam turns in bearings formed at the end of stout elastic spring supports as shown at n. These spring supports have a fulcrum at p and an adjust-ing screw at g by which the warp beam may be taken farther from or brought nearer to the framing of the machine in order to tighten or relieve at pleasure the metallic friction straps one of which is seen at 1" and which are fixed to the framing at each side of the machine and pass round the ends of the warp beam. The

brown line denotes the line of passage of.

tion and form of the spring support a it' will be seen that first in proportion as the warp on the warp beam B diminishes in circumference the angle formed by the thread in its passage over the carrying roller m from the warp beam varies in such manner with reference to the support a as to cause the same to yield more readily as the power of the thread to move it becomes Weaker from the diminished diameter of the roll.and secondly that the greater the weight w, placed upon the balance lever t,

the greater will be the power of the slipping bands to to cause the cloth beam C, to take up while the Warp beam B, will not be thereby affected in its power of giving off all the parts connected with these last described movements are colored purple. Fig. 8 is a plan of part of Fig. 6, and shows the spring shuttle catcher bar hereinbefore alluded to which holds the shuttle when at either end of the lay. A, is the driving pulley.

And now fifthly of the said improved driving pulley. In Fig. 6 the position of the driving pulley is only shown by pitchline as a more detailed view in that figure would have prevented the tappets from being seen but at Figs. 16 and 17 it is shown separately and of half size, Fig. 17 being a front. view and Fig. 16 a side section of the pulleythe part colored green in this figure is the eccentric or cam fitted on the main working shaft and furnished with the pin or stud 6. a h is a lever turning on the fulcrum r and f d is a lever turning on the fulcrum 6. These two levers are pressed upon by the horseshoe spring S which is connected toboth-the lever a h resists the motion of the spring by coming against the stud t and the lever f cl by coming against the end of the lever a h. Now supposing the pulley to be brought round till the notch at a; holds on the stud bthen the pulley drives or is fast, but if from the shuttle not going home the spring rod n is forced forward so as to depress the tail end h of the lever a 71. as the pulley goes round it forces it from the stud and thepulley is thrown out of gear from the working shaft immediately at f is a secondary catch on the end of the lever j (Z which receives the catch a when lifted up from the stud b and thus keeps it free when once it is'so.

lVhen required to put the pulley in gear again the I catch at f muStbe freed from the lever a h by depressing the handle 9. It will be obdriving pulley A and the cam J showing the spring rod n which is pushed forward by the stop rod on the shuttle catcher bar when the shuttle from any accident does not go quite home as hereinbefore described.

And now, lastly, of the improvement which relates to the form of shuttle which is shown at Figs. 9, 10 and 11, 9 being a back view of the shuttle, 10 a plan or birds eye view of it laid in the position for work and 11 a transverse section of it through the middle. It will be observed that this shuttle is much broader than the ordinary one now in use and that the side next the reed of thelay is a straight edge except at theextreme ends where it draws 013? a little from the reed and a cavity Z Z is formed on the under side of each end to receive the picker which is shown in perspective at hereinbefore'alluded to are all such fabrics as are usually woven by hand and power looms and that I hereby claim as the said invention in respect thereof 1. The mode of actuating the heddles by levers and horizontal bands passing under pulleys, and springs as hereinbefore described and colored blue.

2. The arrangement of the picking straps with the loop or bridle V V, and horizontal check string W, leading to the spring lever Y and colored pink as also the shuttle catcher bar 2', with its stop and spring rod.

3. The mode of actuating the lay by means of a cam or tappet hereinbefore described together with the straps e e and their guide pulleys as also the spiral springs L L, attached to the sword for the purpose of drawing back the lay also hereinbefore described and colored green.

I hereby declare that the certain fabrics i 4. The arrangement of machinery here- I inbefore described by which the giving out 6. The form of shuttle with the cavities of the Warp and taking up of the cloth is Z Zhereinbefore described and of the picker effected and regulated and colored purple. to be used therewith.

5. The improved driving pulley herein- CHRISTIAN WILHELM SCHGNHERR. 5 before described and which when the 100m Witnesses:

is turned by hand may be made to act as a DAMON STAMFITO, fly Wheel. 7 JAMES BISCHOFF. A 

